Process of Communication
The
process of communication is the inter relationship between several independent
components. It consists of a chain of related actions and reaction which
together result in exchange of information. In order to understand the process
of communication, it is necessary to describe each of these components. A model
of communication process is as follows:-
1.
SENDER
2.
IDEATION
3.
MESSAGE
4.
INCODING
5.
TRANSMISSION
6.
RECEIVER
7.
DECODING
8.
BEHAV IOUR OF RECIEVER
9.
FEEDBACK
1. Sender: The sender is the first component of the process of c
communication. The sender may be a speaker, a writer or any other person. He is
the one who has a message and wants it to share it for some purpose.
2. Ideation: Ideation is the preliminary step in communication where sender
creates an idea to communicate. This idea is the content and basis of the
message to be communicated. Several ideas may generate in the sender’s mind.
The sender must identify, analyze and arrange the ideas sequentially before
transmitting them to the receiver.
3. Message: Message is the heart of communication. It is what the sender wants
to convey to the receiver. It may be verbal i.e. written or spoken or non
verbal i.e. body language, space language, etc.
4. Encoding: To encode is to put an idea into words. In this step the
communicator organizes his ideas into a series of symbols or words which will
be communicated to the intended receiver. Thus the ideas are converted into
words or symbols. The words and the symbols should be selected carefully, it
should be understandable and most of all it should be suitable for transmission
and reception.
5. Transmission: Next in the process of communication is
transmission of the message as encoded messages are transmitted through various
media and channels of communication connects the sender and the receiver. The
channel and media should be selected keeping in mind the requirement of the
receiver, the communication to be effective and efficient the channel should be
appropriate.
6. Receiver: Receiver is the person or group for whom the message is meant. He
may be a listener, a reader or a viewer. Any neglect on the part of the
receiver may make the communication ineffective. Receiver is thus the ultimate
destination of the message. It the message does not reach the receiver the
communication is said to be incomplete.
7. Decoding: Decoding means translation of symbols encoded by the sender into
ideas for understanding. Understanding the message by receiver is the key to
the decoding process. The message should be accurately reproduced in the
receiver’s mind. If the receiver is unable to understand the message correctly
the communication is ineffective.
8. Behaviour of the receiver: It refers to the response by the receiver of
the communication received from the sender. He may like to ignore the message
or to store the information received or to perform the task assigned by the
sender. Thus communication is complete as soon as the receiver responses.
9. Feedback: Feedback indicates the result of communication. It is the key
element in the communication and is the only way of judging the effectiveness
of communication. It enables the sender to know whether his message has been
properly interpreted or not. Systematic use of feedback helps to improve future
message. Feedback, like the message could be oral, written or non verbal. It
has to be collected from the receiver.
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