Meaning of Interview
An interview means a face to face interaction between the interviewer and
the candidate/candidates so as to obtain desired information from him/them. It
can also be defined as a way of exchanging meanings between individuals by
using a common set of symbols. Interviews generally need a preparation.
According to Gary Dessler, “An
interview is a procedure designed to obtain information from a person’s oral
response to oral inquiries.”
According to Thill and Bovee,
“An interview is any planed conversation with a specific purpose involving two
or more people”.
So, an interview is formal meetings between two people (the interviewer
and the interviewee) where questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain
information, qualities, attitudes, wishes etc. Form the interviewee.
Types of
interviews:
There are many types of interviews that an organization can arrange. It depends
on the objectives of taking the interview. Some important types of interviews
are stated below:
a)
Personal
interviews:
Personal interviews include Selection of the employees, Promotion of the
employees and Retirement and resignation of the employees. This type of
interview is designed to obtain information through discussion and observation
about how well the interviewer will perform on the job.
b)
Evaluation
interviews:
The interviews which take place annually to review the progress of the
interviewee are called the evaluation interviews. Naturally, it is occurring
between superiors and subordinates. The main objective of this interview is to
find out the strengths and weaknesses of the employees.
c)
Persuasive
interviews:
This type of interview is designed to sell someone a product or an idea. When a
sales representative talk with a target buyer, persuasion takes the form of
convincing the target that the product or idea meets a need.
d)
Structured
interviews:
Structured interviews tend to follow formal procedures; the interviewer follows
a predetermined agenda or questions.
e)
Unstructured
interviews:
When the interview does not follow the formal rules or procedures. It is called
an unstructured interview.
The discussion will probably be free flowing and may shift rapidly form on
subject to another depending on the interests of the interviewee and the
interviewer.
f)
Counseling
interviews:
This may be held to find out what has been troubling the workers and why
someone has not been working.
g)
Disciplinary
interviews:
Disciplinary interviews are occurring when an employee has been accused of
breaching the organization’s rules and procedures.
h)
Stress
interviews:
It is designed to place the interviewee in a stress situation in order to
observe the interviewees reaction.
i)
Public
interviews:
These include political parties’ radio-television and newspaper.
j)
Informal
or conversational interview: In the conversational interview, no predetermined
questions are asked, in order to remain as open and adaptable a possible to the
interviewee’s nature and priorities; during the interview the interviewer “goes
with the flow”.
Importance
of Interview
Interview plays a very important role in interpersonal
communication, since it is between two persons or parties i.e. interviewer and
interviewer, its importance is discussed with respect to both aspects.
a) From Interviewer Point of View: Interview has following
importance for the interviewer.
1. To match the applicant and the job: A job has specific
requirement. Every person is not suitable for every kind of job, so the interviews
enable the interviewer to match the applicant and the job requirement. This matching
may be in the following way.
(a) Matching Qualification: A candidate having a master’s
degree does not mean that he has the knowledge of master level. Asking
questions about the field of candidate enables the interviewer to know as to
how much knowledge the candidate has acquired.
(b) Matching Candidate Ability: Different candidates have
different abilities. The interview helps know the abilities of every candidate
according to the job requirement.
(c) Other Areas: Candidate’s conduct, attitude, confidence,
communication skill and other areas are expressed means of interviewers.
2. To develop the image of organization: Another secondary
role of interviews is to establish a good image of an organization before candidate
and ultimately before the market.
b) From Interviewee Point of View: An interview is equally
important for interviewers as it’s for interview. This importance is enumerated
as follows.
1.
To have information: An interviewee can have different information about the
organization. This information might be about the organization nature of job
salary rule and regulations, etc.
2.
To have a suitable job: Interview helps the candidate know about the job. In
this way, he / she can choose the best one of him / her.
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